Radar antenna characterization using polarization measurements. Polarization diversity enables detection of smaller radar cross section rcs targets, and avoids the physical, mathematical, and engineering challenges of timeofarrival coherent combining. Radars use polarization to extract target information andor polarization diversity to minimize jammer effectiveness. Radar is a detection system that uses radio waves to determine the range, angle, or velocity of objects.
In the paper, polarizationsensitive array is exploited at the receiver of multiple input multiple output mimo radar system, a novel method is proposed for joint estimation of direction of. Demonstration of simultaneous quadpolarization sar. Joint doa and polarization estimation using music method. For example, a 2x2 mimo system can be configured to us e two antennas with slant 45 degree polarizations. For example, if a mimo radar system has 3 transmit antennas and 4 receive antennas, 12 signals can be extracted from the receiver because of the orthogonality of the transmitted signals. This is a form of antenna diversity, which uses multiple antennas to improve signal quality and strength of an rf link. Spatial and polarization angle estimation of mixedtargets in. A n ultra wideband uwb mimo antenna is designed in 7, which uses the floor gap and the vertical polarization mode to effectively improve the isolation of the two antennas in the 3 4. Increasing angular resolution with mimo radars matlab. A radar system consists of a transmitter producing electromagnetic waves in the radio or microwaves domain, a transmitting antenna, a receiving antenna often the same. Performance analysis of beamforming based on oblique projection. System model we consider a precoded mimo ofdm system with n subcarriers and a hybrid precoding transceiver structure as shown in figs.
Binbin li, weixiong bai, qin zhang and guimei zheng. A simple polarization diversity technique for radar. The first involving a simultaneous dualpolarized emission scheme that provides good separability with respect to co and crosspolarized terms and the second mimicking the passive actuation of the human eye with a. The choice of antenna polarization is important because transmit and receive antennas need to be paired by matched polarization type. Further, we developed a polarimetric design scheme for distributed mimo radar with polarization sensitive transceivers to improve the performance of the detector. Polarization difference smoothing in bistatic mimo radar. Effect of polarization on the correlation and capacity of. Game theoretic design for polarimetric mimo radar target. In this section, hybrid precoding mimo ofdm system and wideband channel models with both co polarization and cross polarization are presented. The ability of mimo radar to shape the transmit beam post facto allows for adapting the transmission based on the received data in a way which is not possible in nonmimo radar. In the paper, polarizationsensitive array is exploited at the receiver of multiple input multiple output mimo radar system, a novel method is proposed for joint estimation of direction of departure dod, direction of arrival doa and polarization parameters for bistatic mimo radars. Therefore, compressive sensing is applicable to the. Antenna allocation in mimo radar with widely separated. Combining both approaches by assembly of a dualpolarized waveguide antenna and a 77 ghz mimo fmcw radar system results in the fully polarimetric mimo.
Simulation results show that polarimetric mimo radar system has more. There are several differences between these two radar models that are important to polarization measurements. Published under licence by iop publishing ltd journal of physics. System model we consider a precoded mimoofdm system with n subcarriers and a hybrid precoding transceiver structure as shown in figs. Spatial and polarization angle estimation of mixedtargets.
First polarimetric measurement results have already been presented in 8. In 16, ps is extended for a mimo radar with scalar sensors at. Polarization of electromagnetic waves radartutorial. Joint polarization and angle estimation for robust multitarget localization in bistatic mimo radar hong jiang1, 2, yu zhang2, hongjun liu1, xiaohui zhao2 and chang liu3 1 military simulation technology institute, aviation university of air force, changchun, china 2 college of communication engineering, jilin university, china 3 department of electrical and computer engineering, kansas state. Agile adaptive radar 1695 north research park way north logan, utah 84341 phone 435. In 1517, a polarization smoothing ps preprocessingtechnique is developed to deal with coherent targets by using evss in di. Based on electromagnetic vector sensors at both transmitter and receiver of mimo radar, a preprocessing method, namely polarization difference. Pdf spatial and polarization angle estimation of mixed. It can be used to detect aircraft, ships, spacecraft, guided missiles, motor vehicles, weather formations, and terrain. Joint parameter estimation of doddoapolarization for. Request pdf joint parameter estimation of doddoapolarization for bistatic mimo radar in the paper, polarizationsensitive array is exploited at the receiver of multiple input multiple output.
An extensive presentation of polarization changes by reflection is given, including scattering. Joint estimation of the direction of arrival doa and the polarization for monostatic polarimetric multiple input multiple output mimo radar is studied in this paper. And the cramerrao bound of the polarimetric mimo radar signal model is derived. Mimo capacity increased proportionally with the number of antennas and thus higher spatial distance between antennas is required 3. Relationship between crosspolarization discrimination xpd. Mimo radar has the potential for enhancing spatial resolution and improving interference and jamming suppression. The mutual coupling between antennas occurs due to the narrow space for mimo antenna design is the critical problem in mimo system 1. The music algorithm is utilized for doa and polarization estimation. Spatial and polarization angle estimation of mixedtargets in mimo radar srinivasarao chintagunta1, and palanisamy ponnusamy2 abstractthis paper proposes an approach for estimating the spatial and polarization angles of mixedtargets in bistatic mimo radar. Propagator methodbased joint estimation of angle and. Information theory and radar waveform design mark r. Demonstration of simultaneous quadpolarization sar imaging. Overview of dual polarized radar technology in use at the national severe storms laboratory.
Radar course jsh 16 summary phased array provides improvements in radar functionality and performance beam agility effective radar resource management graceful degradation with module failures current trend is towards active arrays with distributed tr modules large number of distributed active components and control. However, most of the existing algorithms are only focus on the scenario of ideal orthogonal transmission waveform. The conventional approaches to polarimetric waveform. The proposed algorithm exploits the singular value decomposition svd of crosscorrelation matrix of the received data from two transmitter subarrays to obtain robust performance in. A monostatic polarimetric mimo radar, configured with multiple transmit antennas and multiple polarization sensitive receive antennas is introduced.
Relationship between crosspolarization discrimination. Then the paper will proceed with mimo radar in sect. Angle estimation is a hot topic in multiple input multiple output mimo radar. Mimo multiple input multiple output technique is one of the important means to enhance the system capacity. What is dualpolarization radar and what can it do for me. In 15, ps technique is discussed for a passive linear array with evss. Like mimo communications, mimo radar offers a new paradigm for signal processing research. Angle and polarization estimation using esprit with. Multipleinput multipleoutput mimo radar utilizes orthogonal waveforms on each transmit element to achieve virtual aperture extension. Firstly, the signal model of the proposed psfda mimo radar is established. Twodimensional aod and aoa acquisition for wideband.
Pdf estimation of dod and 2ddoa and polarizations for. The radar is operating in xband at a center frequency of 9. This paper links the parameter estimation problem of polarization diversity bistatic multiple input multiple output mimo radar to propagator method pm, and proposes an algorithm for joint estimation of directionofdeparture dod, directionofarrival doa and polarization information for bistatic mimo radars. Nssl research helps fulfill noaas mission goals through reseearch and development dedicated to improving observations, predictions and warnings of highimpact weather, including tornadoes, severe thunderstorms and flash floods.
In this field emitted by an antenna, the lines of force of the electric field are perpendicular to the magnetic field. Joint estimation of angle and polarization for bistatic mimo. Differential reflectivity zdr range of values units abbreviations 7. Analysis of sparse mimo radar uc davis mathematics. Two possible radar application spaces are explored through the exploitation of highdimensional nonrecurrent fmnoise waveforms. Twodimensional aod and aoa acquisition for wideband mmwave. Develops appropriate descriptors for elliptically polarized waves and antennas and gives polarization characteristics for several useful antennas. Mimo radar uses spatially distributed multiple transceivers. The radar parameter of interest under the effort described in this renort is polarization.
Multiple input multiple output mimo technology is a generic term used to describe techniques proposed to improve capacity. Oscar faus garcia signal processing for mmwave mimo radar i preface i would like to thank my advisor, andre bourdoux, for his supervision, valuable guidance and helpful suggestions during my 6 months of internship in imec. Analysis of mimo diversity improvement using circular. Mimo radar, and it plays a critical role in target localization and imaging 24. Joint polarization and angle estimation for robust multi. In this paper, a beamforming algorithm based on oblique projection technique is proposed for a hybrid radar of polarization sensitive array psa, frequency diversity array fda and multipleinput multipleout mimo radar, termed as psfda mimo radar. Transmitter polarization optimization with polarimetric mimo. The fr602d radar is enclosed in a radome, which depolarizes to some degree the field emitted, whereas the fr8100 radar is an open radome antenna. To verify the suggested quad polarization mode and other dbf and mimo concepts, a groundbased mimo sar has been developed fig. That is, a 12element virtual antenna array is created using only 7 antennas by conducting digital signal processing on the received signals, thereby obtaining.
Since the polarization sensitive array, which consists of electromagnetic vector sensors, has the ability to obtain more information in both space domain and polarization domain than the traditional scalar sensors, it. Understanding the basics of mimo communication technology. An acronym for multiplein, multipleout, mimo communication sends the same data as several signals simultaneously through multiple antennas, while still utilizing a single radio channel. Request pdf joint parameter estimation of doddoapolarization for bistatic mimo radar in the paper, polarization sensitive array is exploited at the receiver of multiple input multiple output. Mimo radars are usually classified as widely separated or colo. An acronym for multiplein, multiple out, mimo communication sends the same data as several signals simultaneously through multiple antennas, while still utilizing a single radio channel. D thesis mimo for satellite communication systems a thesis submitted in ful llment of the requirements for the degree of doctor of philosophy balachander ramamurthy. Mixedtargets mean the combination of uncorrelated, partially. Joint doa and polarization estimation using music method in.
Instantaneous radar polarimetry with multiple duallypolarized. Here we propose an approach to mimo radar that uses polarization to provide essentially independent channels for viewing the target. Novel specular meteor radar systems using coherent mimo. The experimental and simulation results show that a mimo radar can augment or replace a phased array radar in detecting surface targets on the ocean. For colocated mimo radar, the transmitters and receivers are located closely enough. Develops methods for treating polarization problems in antennas, radar, radio astronomy, and lasers. The radiation field of an antenna is composed of electric and magnetic lines of force. Estimation of dod and 2ddoa and polarizations for bistatic mimo radar. Mimo radar can search an entire area in only a few simultaneous orthogonal pulses and can provide the same or better level of accuracy than a phased array radar while providing a greater refresh rate.
Pm algorithm is a low complexity algorithm since it requires no eigenvalue. Multiple input multiple output mimo systems have the prospective to signi. Spatial and polarization angle estimation of mixedtargets in mimo radar article pdf available in progress in electromagnetics research m 82. However the mimo radar allows the multiple antennas to transmit arbitrary waveforms. Transmitter polarization optimization with polarimetric.
Setting two antennas at opposite 45 degree angles gives a 90 degree orthogonal polarization between the two transmit antennas, giving each antenna 30 db of isolation from one. By exploiting waveform diversity, colocated mimo radar can improve the. Pdf our group has developed two diverse radar sensors with practical applications. In this section, hybrid precoding mimoofdm system and wideband channel models with both copolarization and crosspolarization are presented. Antenna designs for mimo systems oregon state university.
Doddoapolarization estimation in large mimo radar system. Therefore, modeling the polarization diversity technique is an interesting topic of study in mimo radio channels, and it necessitates the construction of realistic mimo radio channel models featuring both space and polarization diversity 1416. Bell abstractthe use of information theory to design waveforms for the measurement of extended radar targets exhibiting reso nance phenomena is investigated. So far, compressive sensing has been used for mimo radar only in the context of closely spaced antennas 2123. The target impulse response is introduced to model target scattering behavior. To verify the suggested quadpolarization mode and other dbf and mimo concepts, a groundbased mimosar has been developed fig. A simple polarization diversity technique for radar detection. As a result, the polarization diversity becomes better solution for mimo system. Both field components depend on the position of the antenna relative to the earths surface. For realizing practical mimo systems, most of the research has been carried out on unipolarized vertically arranged spatial array con.
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